Current Issue : April-June Volume : 2026 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
These days, nanotechnology has provided an enormous benefit to the aviation and aerospace industries for improved manufacturing, spacecraft, fuels, health, and more. The objective of this paper is to review and propose a higher level of nanotechnology development in the aviation industry. While space exploration and tourism have sparked an appreciation for Earth’s environmental changes from space, numerous criticisms have highlighted the significant negative impact space travel has made on the environment. Here, nanotechnology is presented as a field that can both enhance space tourism and mitigate its environmental impact on the Earth. Specifically, this paper starts with a review of what material properties are needed for space exploration and suggests the use of nanotechnology in the development of improved composite materials for jet engines, propulsion, and durability, considering aeronautical standards and aerospace developments, and introducing the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI). This research includes aerospace and aeronautical industry manufacturers, their new nanotechnological strategies and breakthroughs, as well as failed attempts during manufacturing or operations. Addressing the failures, this research indicates possible future steps for developing nanotechnology in unmanned and manned aircraft to reduce harm to the environment while still achieving space exploration....
In this study, we fabricated a nanostructure on the surface of the micro-lens array (MLA), which is one of the light extraction technologies of organic light-emiing diodes (OLEDs), by performing the Reactive Ion -Etching (RIE) process. The MLA consists of a lensed area and a lens-less boom (flat film area). We performed a systematic analysis to find ways to improve the light extraction efficiency of the MLA surface and flat film area. By controlling the RIE process time and type of gas plasma, nanostructures were formed on the surface of the MLA. O2 and CF4 gas plasmas resulted in nanostructures with tall heights and high aspect ratios, whereas CHF3 and Ar gas plasmas resulted in nanostructures with small heights and low aspect ratios. Furthermore, it was found that the nanostructures were not covered over the entire area, and the extent to which the nanostructures were distributed varied depending on the process time. As the RIE process time increases, the nanostructure expands from the top surface of the MLA to the flat film area. This limited the light extraction efficiency improvement. At a short process time of 50 s, nanostructures were formed only on the upper surface of the MLA hemisphere, which increased the light extraction efficiency. However, at long process times over 50 s, the surface of the hemisphere of MLA was covered with vertically aligned nanostructures, which decreased the efficiency. While the flat film area was covered with nanostructures at the longest process time of ~3200 s, it was effective, but the total efficiency was further decreased by the tradeoff between them. As a result, the high-aspect-ratio nanostructured MLA paerned only on the top surface of the hemispherical MLA with a 50 s O2 plasma treatment showed the highest efficiency, which was slightly higher than that of the bare MLA. We expect that if the nanostructures can be formed in a direction perpendicular to the MLA surface and the flat film area simultaneously, the light extraction efficiency would be further improved....
Micro-robots hold promise for complex tasks such as fault diagnosis and emergency response, where conventional detection methods are limited by size and maneuverability constraints. However, their adaptability in complex environments remains insufficient owing to reduced propulsion efficiency. This study proposes a 7.5 mm micro-robot actuated by an electromagnetic linear motor and integrated with tree frog-inspired bionic feet (MRBF) to enhance traction and locomotion performance. The bionic feet are fabricated via angled photolithography to realize the microstructured design. The integration of bionic feet enables the MRBF to reach a maximum velocity of 39 body lengths per second (BL s−1) on dry surfaces and 28.5 BL s−1 on wet surfaces, representing improvements of 75% and 40%, respectively, compared to the non-bionic version. The MRBF can also climb inclines of up to 21.8°, nearly doubling its original climbing limit of 11°, demonstrating a considerably enhanced slope-climbing capability. A dual-MRBF system is specifically designed to achieve rapid and controllable turning, attaining angular velocities of ≈311° s−1. When equipped with a micro-camera, MRBFs are successfully deployed for in situ blade inspection within the confined intake duct of a micro-aero-engine. This strategy provides a scalable framework for adaptive, high-performance systems in aerospace inspection, soft robotics, and autonomous sensing....
Nanostructured targets are increasingly used as key components in high-power laser– matter interaction experiments due to their ability to substantially enhance laser absorption, increase ion/electron generation, or boost the secondary radiation (THz, X-ray, etc.) in accordance with the actual scientific requirements in ultraintense regimes. Their tailored surface features influence the way the energy is deposited in the material, leading to significantly enhanced interaction effects compared to the flat conventional targets. In this study, we numerically investigate the mechanisms of laser field intensification occurring in the interaction between an ultraintense laser pulse and a nanostructured conical target. In order to provide a complex spatio-temporal description of the laser intensity evolution in the interaction area, we developed a 2D finite-difference time-domain model in accordance with the relative spatial extension of the pulse. The laser field intensification is numerically investigated in the vicinity of the laser matter interaction point considering four different materials of the nanopatterned conical targets and variable laser beam parameters in order to determine the optimum conditions to streamline the laser field enrichment in the laser solid targets interaction area. The numerical results show that the designed nanostructured profile of the internal cone target walls under imposed particular conditions induces a highly controllable increase in laser field intensity. Consequently, this enhanced field localization highlights the essential role of nanostructured design in advancing ultraintense laser applications that require efficient energy coupling and extreme field concentrations....
Transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) nanosheets have emerged as promising candidates for constructing high-performance nanofiltration (NF) membranes for separation processes. However, MXene membranes exhibit limited feasibility due to the instability of their microstructure, which can lead to failure in the filtration process. This study presents a bridging strategy (polyethyleneimine and polydopamine) to prepare a stable titanium carbide (Ti3C2) membrane, resulting in superior nanofiltration efficiency. Polyethyleneimine intercalation can inhibit the tendency to swell, while polydopamine enhances the force between the substrate and nanosheets. The optimized membrane possesses a permeate flux of 112.3 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 (1.6 times higher than pristine Ti3C2 membrane) and good selectivity (methyl blue rejection rate: ~99.5%; Na2SO4 rejection rate: <5.0%). In addition, the prepared membrane has good long-time durability and is more suitable for low pressure nanofiltration. Notably, the bridging strategy is also applicable to various two-dimensional lamellar membranes. This strategy provides a universal method for enhancing the stability of two-dimensional membranes, thereby promoting their practical applications in robust separation processes....
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